SOME AREAS OF UPDATING THE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOLD PRODUCTS
Keywords:
Key words, profitability, selling price, fixed and variable costs, profit, yield.Abstract
Parmakli D.M. SOME AREAS OF UPDATING THE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SOLD PRODUCTS
Purpose. The aim of the article is to provide lecturers and students of higher educational establishments, as well as agricultural specialists, with the methodology of systematization of indicators of the efficiency of sold products and modern tools for their calculations, including using nontraditional methods.
Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods were used in the process of research at: calculations of the system of indicators of economic efficiency of production and sales of products at enterprises; in determining and differentiating the significance of each of the calculated indicators and in substantiating the interrelationship between them; when assessing the use of potential of productivity of land and biological potential of plants.
Findings. There are four varieties of indicators of profitability of sold products (profitability of sold products, profitability of sales, return on costs and cost of production) and a consistent relationship between them, which is confirmed by the appropriate formulas and schedules, and the orderly terminology of the indicators.
The need to calculate the profitability indicators for each type of product is established, as they differ significantly in size. Graded levels of profitability for each type of sold products are carried out; therefore, it is possible to evaluate their degree of efficiency or profitability. It is substantiated that the use of indicators of net profit in calculating the profitability of sold products is inadmissible.
Originality. The problems of planning of production and sale of products in agriculture are connected with unpredictability of weather-climatic conditions of cultivation of agricultural crops, thus it is impossible to accurately predict the indicators of yield and profitability of sold products in the industry. An unconventional approach to calculating planned profitability is proposed based on such relative indicators as payback coefficient of fixed and specific variable costs and methodical approaches for determining the four levels of profitability of sold products, which are presented in tables and graphs.
Practical value. The obtained results of the study allow the specialists of agricultural enterprises to determine the amount of moderate, rational, optimal, high or other profitability of sold grain, sunflower, grapes and other products on the basis of two coefficients (payback of fixed and specific variable costs), and based on this basis to justify the amount of expected profit.
Key words: profitability; selling price; fixed and variable costs; profit; yield.
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