MANAGEMENT OF RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY GENERATION FACILITIES IN THE AGRICULTURAL SPHERE: EU EXPERIENCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37332/Keywords:
farm enterprises, agricultural sector, agrovoltaic, biogas, bioenergy, energy efficiency, management of generation facilities, solar and wind power plantsAbstract
Shmanko N.R. MANAGEMENT OF RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY GENERATION FACILITIES IN THE AGRICULTURAL SPHERE: EU EXPERIENCE
Purpose. The aim of the article is to summarize the European experience of managing renewable energy generation facilities in the agricultural sector and to identify practical approaches to its adaptation in the conditions of the development of agrarian energy in Ukraine.
Methodology of research. Complex of general scientific and special methods was used, in particular methods of analysis and synthesis to generalize scientific approaches to the development of renewable energy in the agricultural sector; comparative analysis to study the experience of European Union countries in managing renewable energy generation facilities; systematization to structure the main models of using biogas plants, agrovoltaics and other forms of agricultural energy generation; as well as analytical generalization to determine the possibilities of implementing European practices in the domestic agricultural sector.
Findings. It was established that biogas plants, agrovoltaic systems and farm solar power plants are the most common in the EU agricultural sector. In particular, in Germany there are about 8.6 thousand biogas plants operating, which produce about 29 TWh of electricity per year, which ensures a stable energy supply to rural areas. In Denmark, a cooperative model of biomethane production has been formed, where about 160 biogas plants cover about 11% of the country's gas needs. The experience of the Netherlands and France demonstrates the active implementation of agrovoltaic systems that combine electricity production with agricultural land use, in particular solar panels with a capacity of 2.67 MW, integrated into farms. It is shown that the efficiency of management of such facilities is ensured by a combination of state incentives, long-term tariff support mechanisms, cooperation of farms and integration of energy technologies into the production infrastructure of agricultural enterprises. Based on the generalization of European experience, the possibilities of using biogas technologies, agrovoltaics and farm microgenerations to increase the energy efficiency of the agricultural sector of Ukraine have been identified.
Originality. The systematization of management models for renewable energy generation facilities in the agricultural sector of EU countries and the identification of their key organizational and economic components have further developed, in particular the combination of technological solutions (biogas complexes, agrovoltaic systems, farm solar power plants), cooperative forms of organizing energy production, and state support mechanisms.
Practical value. The proposed approaches can be used to form an effective policy to support renewable energy in agriculture, in particular the development of biogas plants, agrovoltaic systems and farmer energy cooperatives. The proposed recommendations can be used by state authorities, agricultural enterprises and investors in developing agricultural energy development programs.
Key words: farm enterprises, agricultural sector, agrovoltaic, biogas, bioenergy, energy efficiency, management of generation facilities, solar and wind power plants.
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