FOREIGN TRADE IN SERVICES OF UKRAINE AND THE EU: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Keywords:
foreign trade, services market, export of services, import of services, structure of export of services, competitiveness of the service sector.Abstract
Vlasenko I.H., Sirenko S.O. FOREIGN TRADE IN SERVICES OF UKRAINE AND THE EU: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the dynamics of foreign trade in services and outline promising directions for the development of Ukraine's service sector on the path to European integration.
Methodology of research. General scientific and special methods were used in the research process: induction and deduction – at the stage of collecting, systematizing and processing information, to identify trends in Ukraine's foreign trade in services, cause-and-effect relationships in the emergence of problems in international trade in services with EU countries, as well as to predict possible prospects; analysis and synthesis – to identify the main trends in the development of international trade; abstract and logical – to summarize information from various sources and create a comprehensive understanding of the problem under study, form theoretical conclusions and generalizations; graphic – to visualize the results of the study. The study was conducted based on materials from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.
Findings. It is shown that during 2021-2023, Ukraine's exports of services decreased. It was found that a significant drop in exports, as well as imports of services, was observed with the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation into the territory of Ukraine, although during 2021-2023, a positive balance of foreign trade in services was observed.
Our country has a great interest in foreign trade with the countries of the European Union in general and in trade in services in particular. It is shown that in 2023, 40% of exports of services and 43% of imports were to the EU. The structure of exports of services in 2023 by Ukraine to the countries of the European Union was analysed. It was established that the largest number of services were exported in the field of telecommunications, computer and information services. Also, a significant share of total exports of services to EU countries belongs to transport services, services for the processing of material resources, business services, and services related to financial activities.
It is proven that in the future the services market will develop at an ever-increasing pace, which is due to the establishment of new and expansion of existing ties in the field of trade in services between states, as well as associations of states; improvement of cultural exchange processes between countries, and development of trade in technological and intellectual services.
Originality. The understanding of the trends of the modern world in international trade in services has been improved. The perception of significant risks that may pose a threat to the development of the global services market has gained further developed. It has been established that in the future the services market will develop at an increasing pace.
Practical value. Having analysed the structure of trade in services between Ukraine and the EU and understanding the trends of the modern world towards the consumption of certain services, it is possible to focus efforts on the development of industries that are in demand in the services market, which will allow not only to be successful in competition, but also to become a factor in ensuring economic development.
Key words: foreign trade, services market, export of services, import of services, structure of export of services, competitiveness of the service sector.
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