PECULIARITIES OF MIGRATION MANAGEMENT IN EU COUNTRIES IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

Abstract

Sahaidak P.R., Ivashchuk O.O. PECULIARITIES OF MIGRATION MANAGEMENT IN EU COUNTRIES IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to systematize the peculiarities of migration management in the EU countries in the conditions of globalization.

Methodology of research. The work uses a comprehensive approach to the systematization of migration management models in the EU countries in the conditions of globalization and their features. The study of the factors of changes in the models of the studied type was carried out with the help of the factor method. Separate provisions of scientific works, analytical studies were considered with the use of the induction method. The types of models of the specified category were distinguished in the article.

Findings. It was determined that the main evolutionary models of migration management in the EU countries include: the model of initial development of joint management of migration, based on national priorities (the period of implementation from 1951 to the end of 1999); the model of multiculturalism in migration management, which is being implemented to replace the previous model of the initial development of joint migration management, based on supranational priorities and aimed at the assimilation of asylum seekers from other countries (from the early 2000s to the beginning of the migration crisis in 2015); a model for the formation of the internal security of the territories of the EU member states from illegal migration flows and differentiated distribution through quotas for the member states of the Community (from 2015 to the 2020s); a model of mandatory solidarity, aimed at creating and implementing programmatic, regulatory and legal bases for managing the fight against illegal migration by establishing and accepting responsibility for regulating this process at the level of each of the participating countries (from 2024).

It is shown that the mandatory solidarity model launched in 2024 provides for the settlement of a wide range of problems that arose during the migration crisis of 2015 at the level of most EU member states. Among the main areas of the specified model are: protection of external borders (strategies for the security of external borders of the EU); fast and efficient procedures (simplification of asylum procedures; ensuring the rights of asylum seekers, etc.); effective systems of solidarity and responsibility (a permanent basis of solidarity to guarantee EU countries receive support and share asylum responsibilities among member states); integration of migration into international partnership (prevention of illegal arrival of people through capacity building of border management in partner countries, fight against illegal importation, etc.).

Originality. Approaches to defining the list of evolutionary models of migration management in the EU member states have gained further development.

Practical value. The provisions of the presented evolutionary models of migration management can be used in the preparation of scientific and methodological materials.

Key words: external borders, EU, migration management, evolutionary models, supranational priorities, obligatory solidarity, illegal migration, asylum.