FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE BANKING SYSTEM AS AN INDICATOR OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE STATE

Abstract

Chaikovskyi Ye.Ya. FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE BANKING SYSTEM AS AN INDICATOR OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE STATE

Purpose. The aim of the article is to analyse of the financial stability of the banking system as a key indicator of the economic security of the state, which allows assessing the activities of the NBU to ensure the effectiveness of the economic security system.

Methodology of research. The following research methods were used to achieve the goal: systemic economic analysis, which was used to assess the main indicators of the efficiency of the financial sector of the country's economy according to NBU data; data grouping method, used to assess the efficiency of the banking system; stress testing of the banking system was used when conducting scenario analyses to assess the impact of various shocks on financial stability. The study also used systemic and graphical methods to organize the initial data and final conclusions, as well as the generalization method to form the main results.

Findings. The key tasks of the NBU to improve the efficiency of the financial sector in order to strengthen economic security were considered. It was established that their implementation will not only strengthen financial stability, but also create the necessary prerequisites for sustainable economic development and long-term economic security of the country. The dynamics of loans provided by deposit-taking corporations to non-financial corporations by currency, as well as the quality of the loan portfolio of Ukrainian banks (share of non-performing loans, NPL) for the period 2019 - 01.12.2024 were analysed, which allowed us to identify the main trends in the structure and stability of the banking sector.

Changes in lending, the impact of the currency factor on the financial stability of borrowers, as well as the dynamics of the share of problem assets, which is an important indicator of the financial stability of the banking system and its ability to support economic development, were assessed.

It is established that the banking system of Ukraine maintains a high level of liquidity, which contributes to financial stability and economic security of the state; high liquidity indicators allow banks to fulfil their obligations in a timely manner, reduce the risks of banking crises and maintain confidence in the financial system. It is substantiated that the use of modern approaches, such as stress testing or scenario analysis, makes it possible to assess the impact of possible shocks on the financial condition of banking institutions, to timely adapt the banking strategy to market conditions. It is proven that regular assessment of financial indicators of banking institutions is an important tool for ensuring the stability of the bank and protecting it from potential threats.

Originality. The substantiation of integrating the financial stability of the banking system as a key indicator of the economic security of the state has been further developed, in particular through improving monitoring and risk management mechanisms, as well as developing new strategic initiatives of the NBU to strengthen the banking system in the face of modern challenges.

Practical value. The results of the conducted research provide a deep understanding of the mechanisms for ensuring the financial stability of the banking system and its impact on the economic security of the state. In particular, the results allow improving the NBU's policy on banking stability, improving the quality of bank assets through stress tests and assessing the stability of banks. Reducing the share of non-performing loans, improving bank capitalization and implementing restructuring strategies will reduce systemic risks, increase confidence in financial institutions and ensure the stability of the banking system in conditions of economic instability.

Key words: financial stability, economic security, banking system, National Bank of Ukraine, banking institutions, share of non-performing loans, liquidity, bank capital.