IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF SUSTAINABLE WATER USE IN PODILLIA REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTING THE EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL WATER FOOTPRINT CONCEPT
Abstract
Brych V.Ya., Hunko S.I., Pytuliak M.R., Pytuliak M.V. IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF SUSTAINABLE WATER USE IN PODILLIA REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTING THE EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENTAL WATER FOOTPRINT CONCEPT
Purpose. The aim of the article is an analytical study of the effectiveness and dynamics of sustainable water use in the Podillia region, as well a systemic and structural analysis of water resources in the context of the implementation of the European ecological concept of the water footprint.
Methodology of research. The research on sustainable water has been utilized a set of general scientific and specialized methods and approaches, including systemic and structural analysis, statistical analysis, generalization and systematization, comparative analysis, geoinformation method, cartographic modelling, and modelling techniques. Systemic and structural analysis has been applied to evaluate water resource indicators in the context of the components of the water footprint in the region. Cartographic modelling has been used to identify the geospatial features of surface and groundwater extraction volumes. Statistical method has enabled the analysis and conclusions on the dynamics of water resource use in the context of sustainable development. Analysis and synthesis methods have been employed to study international practices for implementing the water footprint and adapting them to the conditions of Podillia region. This methodological combination aims to create comprehensive research based on modern approaches to water resource management and facilitate the adaptation of European environmental principles of sustainable water use to Ukraine’s conditions.
Findings. The components of the water footprint in Podillia region, their current state, and dynamics were examined. Territorial differences in the structure of the blue and gray water footprints in the administrative areas of the Podillia region were identified. A general trend in water consumption dynamics across all regional areas and its sectoral structure was established. The volumes of blue water used for various economic activities in the region's areas have certain differences, mainly influenced by socio-economic factors such as territorial size, population density, and levels of economic development. The study has analysed the components of the gray water footprint. It was determined that, as of 2023, the largest share of return waters discharged into surface water bodies in all areas of Podillia region consisted of normatively treated waters (52.1%–57.8%).
Originality. It was established that the water footprint indicator in the region is the volume of use and the ecological state of water resources. Data on the volume of water abstraction and water use in various sectors allow the formation of targeted programs to reduce water consumption and improve water resources management. This can serve as an example for other regions. The results of the study allow identifying areas in which a decrease in water abstraction is observed due to the introduction of water-saving technologies or more efficient water resources management.
Practical value. The possibilities of utilizing gray water described in the study represent a promising direction for stabilizing the hydroecological situation in the region, contributing to the adoption of international practices and technologies for transitioning to sustainable water use.
Key words: sustainable water use, water footprint concept, blue water footprint, gray water footprint, water management.
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